{"id":21780,"date":"2026-08-10T18:35:11","date_gmt":"2026-08-10T13:05:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.geographynotespdf.com\/?p=21780"},"modified":"2026-09-20T08:16:06","modified_gmt":"2026-09-20T02:46:06","slug":"computer-fundamentals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geographynotespdf.com\/cms\/computer-fundamentals\/","title":{"rendered":"Computer Fundamentals: Hardware, Software, Memory & 50+ Twisted MCQs | UGC NET\/JRF"},"content":{"rendered":"

Computer Fundamentals <\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

UGC NET\/JRF Paper-I | 2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which statement best describes a fundamental characteristic of a computer?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \/ It makes all decisions without instructions<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 data \u0915\u094b process \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 information \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \/ It processes data according to instructions to produce information<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 numerical data \u0915\u094b process \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \/ It processes only numerical data<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 internet \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 data \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \/ It works only on internet data<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. Data \u0914\u0930 Information \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the most appropriate distinction between Data and Information?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Data processed and organized into meaningful form becomes information.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Information \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e raw facts \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Data \u0914\u0930 Information \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Information \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092d\u0940 process \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e Input Device \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which of the following is an input device?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Monitor<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Printer<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Keyboard<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Speaker<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (C)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e Output Device \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is an example of an output device?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Scanner<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Keyboard<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Mouse<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Monitor<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (D)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

5. CPU \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which statement is correct regarding the CPU?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) CPU \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 data store \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) CPU instructions \u0915\u094b execute \u0914\u0930 processing operations \u0915\u094b control \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) CPU \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 input devices \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) CPU \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 internet connectivity \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

6. CPU \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 components \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which are major components of the CPU?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) ALU, Control Unit \u0914\u0930 Registers<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Monitor, Keyboard \u0914\u0930 Mouse<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Printer, Scanner \u0914\u0930 Speaker<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) RAM, Hard Disk \u0914\u0930 Pen Drive only<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

7. ALU \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the primary function of the ALU?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Arithmetic \u0914\u0930 logical operations \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 data store \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 instructions print \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Internet connection \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

8. Control Unit \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the primary function of the Control Unit?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0938\u092d\u0940 arithmetic calculations \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Computer operations \u0915\u094b coordinate \u0914\u0930 control \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Permanent data storage \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 graphics display \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

9. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 Memory volatile \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which of the following memory is volatile?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) ROM<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) RAM<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) DVD<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Hard Disk<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

10. RAM \u092e\u0947\u0902 stored data \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which statement is correct about data stored in RAM?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Power off \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 data retain \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) RAM permanent storage \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) RAM \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 input devices \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) RAM \u092e\u0947\u0902 data \u0915\u092d\u0940 modify \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

11. ROM \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is a major characteristic of ROM?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u092f\u0939 volatile memory \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u092f\u0939 non-volatile memory \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 temporary calculations \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Power off \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e content \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

12. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e Secondary Storage \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is an example of secondary storage?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Register<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Cache<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) RAM<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) SSD<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (D)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

13. Cache Memory \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the primary purpose of cache memory?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) CPU \u0914\u0930 frequently accessed data\/instructions \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0924\u0947\u091c access \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Permanent archival storage \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 files print \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Internet speed \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

14. Memory hierarchy \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u091c memory \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is generally the fastest in the memory hierarchy?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Hard Disk<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) RAM<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Cache<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Registers<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (D)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

15. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 Memory Hierarchy \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which represents an appropriate memory hierarchy from faster to slower?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Registers \u2192 Cache \u2192 RAM \u2192 Secondary Storage<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Secondary Storage \u2192 RAM \u2192 Cache \u2192 Registers<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) RAM \u2192 Secondary Storage \u2192 Registers \u2192 Cache<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Cache \u2192 Hard Disk \u2192 Registers \u2192 RAM<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

16. 1 Byte \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 bits \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

How many bits are there in 1 Byte?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) 4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) 8<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) 16<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) 32<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

17. Binary number system \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0947 digits \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which digits are used in the binary number system?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) 0 \u0914\u0930 1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) 0-7<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) 0-9<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) 0-9 \u0924\u0925\u093e A-F<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

18. Hexadecimal number system \u0915\u093e base \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the base of the hexadecimal number system?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) 2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) 8<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) 10<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) 16<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (D)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

19. Octal number system \u0915\u093e base \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the base of the octal number system?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) 2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) 8<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) 10<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) 16<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

20. Decimal number 10 \u0915\u093e binary representation \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the binary representation of decimal 10?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) 1000<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) 1001<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) 1010<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) 1100<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (C)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

21. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e System Software \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is an example of system software?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Operating System<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Presentation software<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Spreadsheet<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Word processor<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

22. Operating System \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is a major function of an Operating System?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Hardware \u0914\u0930 software resources \u0915\u094b manage \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 documents type \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 web pages design \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 images edit \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

23. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e Operating System \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which of the following is NOT an operating system?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Linux<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Windows<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Android<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) MS Word<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (D)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

24. Multitasking \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What does multitasking mean?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u090f\u0915 computer \u092e\u0947\u0902 multiple tasks\/processes \u0915\u094b concurrently manage \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u090f\u0915 program \u0915\u094b \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 multiple users \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 file \u0915\u0940 multiple copies \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

25. GUI \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the full form of GUI?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) General User Internet<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Graphical User Interface<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Global Utility Interface<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Graphic Universal Input<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

26. GUI \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 system \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f interface element \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is a common interface element in a GUI-based system?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Icon<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Compiler code only<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Machine instruction only<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Binary register only<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

27. Compiler \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the primary function of a compiler?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) High-level source program \u0915\u094b machine\/object code \u092e\u0947\u0902 translate \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 files compress \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 computer \u0915\u094b shut down \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 internet access \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

28. Interpreter \u0914\u0930 Compiler \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the key difference between an interpreter and a compiler?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Interpreter \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 program \u0915\u094b statement-by-statement execute\/translate \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f compiler \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0947 program \u0915\u094b translate \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Compiler \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 hardware \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Interpreter \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 storage device \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

29. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 Programming Language \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 High-Level Language \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is generally considered a high-level programming language?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Machine language<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Assembly language<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Python<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Binary code<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (C)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

30. Machine Language \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is a major characteristic of machine language?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u092f\u0939 computer hardware \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e directly understood instruction format \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 English sentences \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0907\u0938\u0947 compiler \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 already machine-oriented \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) (A) \u0914\u0930 (C) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (D)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

31. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. RAM volatile memory \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. ROM non-volatile memory \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. Cache memory CPU access \u0915\u094b \u0924\u0947\u091c \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) 1 \u0914\u0930 2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) 1, 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (D)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

32. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0947 Input Devices \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. Keyboard<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. Scanner<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. Mouse<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

4. Monitor<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1 \u0914\u0930 2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) 1, 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) 2, 3 \u0914\u0930 4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) 1, 2, 3 \u0914\u0930 4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

33. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0947 System Software \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. Operating System<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. Device Drivers<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. Utility Programs<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

4. Presentation Software<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) 1 \u0914\u0930 2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) 1, 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) 1, 2, 3 \u0914\u0930 4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (C)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

34. Assertion (A): Cache memory computer performance \u0915\u094b improve \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Reason (R): Cache frequently accessed data\/instructions \u0915\u094b CPU \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u0947\u091c access \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) A \u0914\u0930 R \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e R, A \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) A \u0914\u0930 R \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 R \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) A \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948, R \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) A \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948, R \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

35. Assertion (A): Operating System \u0915\u094b system software \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Reason (R): Operating System computer hardware resources \u0914\u0930 application programs \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a management\/interface \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) A \u0914\u0930 R \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e R, A \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) A \u0914\u0930 R \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 R \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) A \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948, R \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) A \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948, R \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

36. Assertion (A): Secondary storage \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 RAM \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 persistent \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Reason (R): Secondary storage non-volatile \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 power off \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 data retain \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) A \u0914\u0930 R \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e R, A \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) A \u0914\u0930 R \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 R \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) A \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948, R \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) A \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948, R \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

37. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-I<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\n\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
A. ALU<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\n1. Arithmetic and logical operations<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
B. Control Unit<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\n2. Instruction coordination<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
C. RAM<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\n3. Volatile memory<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
D. ROM<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\n4. Non-volatile memory<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

(A) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

38. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-I<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A. Keyboard<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n1. Input<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B. Monitor<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n2. Output<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C. SSD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n3. Secondary Storage<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D. CPU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n4. Processing<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

(A) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

39. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0938\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is incorrectly matched?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) RAM – Volatile<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) ROM – Non-volatile<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) CPU – Processing<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Keyboard – Output device<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (D)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

40. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0938\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is incorrectly matched?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Binary – Base 2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Octal – Base 8<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Decimal – Base 10<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Hexadecimal – Base 12<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (D)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

41. \u090f\u0915 computer \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915 power \u091a\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 RAM \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u094c\u091c\u0942\u0926 unsaved data \u0916\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

A computer suddenly loses power and unsaved data in RAM disappears. What is the most appropriate reason?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) RAM is volatile memory.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) RAM is optical storage.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) RAM is permanent storage.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) RAM is read-only memory.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

42. \u092f\u0926\u093f CPU \u0915\u094b frequently used instructions \u0924\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b, \u0924\u094b \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 memory performance improve \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

If the CPU repeatedly needs frequently used instructions, which memory is most helpful for improving performance?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Cache memory<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Optical disk<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Pen drive<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Magnetic tape<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

43. \u090f\u0915 student \u0915\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u201c1 KB \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e exactly 1000 bytes \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u201d Computer fundamentals \u0915\u0947 binary context \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

A student says, \u201c1 KB is always exactly 1000 bytes.\u201d Which is more appropriate in the binary context of computer fundamentals?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Traditional binary convention \u092e\u0947\u0902 1 KB \u0915\u094b 1024 bytes \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) 1 KB \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e 10 bytes \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) 1 KB \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e 2048 bytes \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) KB \u0915\u093e storage \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

44. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 Cloud Computing \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which statement best describes cloud computing?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Internet\/network \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 remotely available computing resources \u0914\u0930 services \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 local hard disk \u092a\u0930 data storage<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 offline computing<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 computer hardware manufacturing<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

45. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e Cloud Computing \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is a potential benefit of cloud computing?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Scalable resources \u0914\u0930 remote accessibility<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Internet \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Hardware failure \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e zero \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Data security automatically guaranteed \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

46. Computer Network \u092e\u0947\u0902 LAN \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the most appropriate meaning of LAN?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Local Area Network<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Large Access Network<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Long Area Node<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Local Application Number<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

47. WAN \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 LAN \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is a common characteristic of LAN compared with WAN?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) LAN \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 geographical area \u0915\u094b cover \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) LAN \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b cover \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) LAN \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 satellite communication \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) LAN internet \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

48. Internet \u0914\u0930 World Wide Web \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which statement is correct regarding the Internet and World Wide Web?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Internet \u0914\u0930 WWW \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) WWW Internet \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 interconnected web resources\/services \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Internet \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 websites \u0915\u093e collection \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) WWW hardware network \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f Internet \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 software \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

49. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e Cyber Security \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 practice \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is the most appropriate cybersecurity practice?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Strong passwords, multi-factor authentication \u0914\u0930 regular updates \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0938\u092d\u0940 accounts \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 password \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Unknown links \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0901\u091a click \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Security updates \u0915\u094b \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e ignore \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

50. Computer Fundamentals \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which statement is most broadly correct from the perspective of computer fundamentals?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Computer \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 calculation machine \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Computer input \u0915\u094b process \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 output\/information \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 storage \u0924\u0925\u093e communication capabilities \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Computer \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 internet access \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Computer \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e software \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

UGC NET\/JRF Quick Revision<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Concept<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nKey Point<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CPU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nProcessing \u0914\u0930 control<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ALU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nArithmetic + Logical Operations<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Control Unit<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nInstructions \u0915\u093e coordination\/control<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
RAM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nVolatile memory<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ROM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nNon-volatile memory<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cache<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nFast access \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Registers<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nCPU \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0924\u0947\u091c internal storage<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SSD\/HDD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nSecondary storage<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Binary<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nBase 2<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Octal<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nBase 8<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Decimal<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nBase 10<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hexadecimal<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nBase 16<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
OS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nSystem software<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Compiler<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nSource program translation<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
GUI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nGraphical User Interface<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
LAN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nLocal Area Network<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
WAN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nWide Area Network<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
WWW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nInternet \u092a\u0930 web resources \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cloud Computing<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nNetwork-based computing resources\/services<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cyber Security<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nSystems\/data \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 NET Trick<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

CPU \u2192 Processing<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

ALU \u2192 Calculation + Logic<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

CU \u2192 Control<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

RAM \u2192 Volatile<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

ROM \u2192 Non-volatile<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Cache \u2192 Speed<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Binary \u2192 2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Octal \u2192 8<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Decimal \u2192 10<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Hexadecimal \u2192 16<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

System Software \u2192 Operating System<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Application Software \u2192 Word Processor, Spreadsheet, Presentation \u0906\u0926\u093f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

LAN \u2192 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

WAN \u2192 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Computer Fundamentals \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u090f\u0901 UGC NET\/JRF Paper-I | 2026 1. \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948? Which statement best describes a fundamental characteristic of a computer? (A) \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \/ It makes all decisions without instructions (B) 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