{"id":21768,"date":"2026-08-09T19:40:58","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T14:10:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.geographynotespdf.com\/?p=21768"},"modified":"2026-09-20T08:16:39","modified_gmt":"2026-09-20T02:46:39","slug":"natural-resources","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geographynotespdf.com\/cms\/natural-resources\/","title":{"rendered":"Natural Resources (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928): Types, Conservation & Sustainable Management | UGC NET\/JRF 2026"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Natural Resources (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928)\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

UGC NET\/JRF Paper-I | Environmental Studies<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 (Natural Resources) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the most appropriate definition of Natural Resources?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0935\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \/ Only materials found on Earth’s surface<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \/ Materials and processes available in nature that humans can use<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \/ Minerals only<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \/ Biotic resources only<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is the most appropriate classification of natural resources?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Biotic \u0914\u0930 Abiotic<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 Renewable \u0914\u0930 Non-renewable<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 Metallic \u0914\u0930 Non-metallic<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 Rural \u0914\u0930 Urban<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e Biotic Resource \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is an example of a biotic resource?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Iron ore<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Coal<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Forest<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Solar radiation<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (C)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e Abiotic Resource \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which of the following is an abiotic resource?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Wildlife<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Forest<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Fish<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Minerals<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (D)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

5. Renewable Resource \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the most important characteristic of a renewable resource?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928\u0928 \u0926\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

6. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e Renewable Resource \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0924\u093f-\u0926\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is a renewable resource but can become locally depleted due to overuse?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Solar energy<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Wind energy<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Groundwater<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Metallic minerals<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (C)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

7. Non-renewable Resources \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is a major characteristic of non-renewable resources?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0935\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0938\u092e\u092f-\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

8. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e Non-renewable Resource \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is an example of a non-renewable resource?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Solar energy<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Wind<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Coal<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Biomass<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (C)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

9. Groundwater \u0915\u094b Renewable \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 sustainable use \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Although groundwater is generally considered renewable, what is most important for its sustainable use?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Extraction rate \u0915\u093e recharge rate \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 pumping<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 groundwater \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

10. \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

The actual availability of a resource depends on more than its physical existence because:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Technology, accessibility, economic viability and social factors \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

11. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u0938\u092d\u0940 Renewable Resources \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. Renewable resource \u0915\u093e sustainable use \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 regeneration capacity \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. Groundwater \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) 1 \u0914\u0930 2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) 1, 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (C)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

12. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. Technology<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. Accessibility<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. Economic viability<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

4. Human demand<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1 \u0914\u0930 2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) 1, 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) 2, 3 \u0914\u0930 4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) 1, 2, 3 \u0914\u0930 4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (D)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

13. Common Property Resources (CPRs) \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is a major characteristic of Common Property Resources (CPRs)?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

14. Tragedy of the Commons \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

The Tragedy of the Commons mainly describes a situation where:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Shared resources may be overused when individual incentives conflict with collective sustainability.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0905\u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0903 \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

15. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e Common Pool Resource \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which can be an example of a common-pool resource?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0918\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0917\u0940\u091a\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0939<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

16. Forest Resource \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the most comprehensive importance of forest resources?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 wildlife habitat \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Carbon sequestration, biodiversity, soil conservation, water regulation \u0914\u0930 livelihood support<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 fuelwood \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (C)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

17. Deforestation \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which effect of deforestation can affect long-term resource availability?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Soil erosion \u0914\u0930 watershed degradation<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 atmospheric pressure \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 solar radiation \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

18. Watershed Management \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is a major objective of watershed management?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Soil, water \u0914\u0930 vegetation \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 groundwater extraction \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

19. Sustainable Forest Management \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the most appropriate meaning of Sustainable Forest Management?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Forest resources \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0928<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f forest ecosystem \u0915\u0940 ecological functions \u0914\u0930 future productivity \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0938\u092d\u0940 forests \u0915\u094b commercial plantations \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Forest resources \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

20. \u091c\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0932 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Integrated Water Resources Management primarily emphasizes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Water resources \u0915\u093e sectoral \u0914\u0930 isolated \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u091c\u0932, \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 irrigation development<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 drinking water supply<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

21. \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

A region receives adequate rainfall but still faces water scarcity. What could be a possible reason?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Unequal distribution, seasonal variability, poor storage and over-extraction<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u0936<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

22. Virtual Water \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

The concept of Virtual Water is associated with:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u091c\u0932<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 bottled water<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 groundwater<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 atmospheric moisture<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

23. \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0936 water-intensive agricultural products \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092a\u0948\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0939 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

If a country imports water-intensive agricultural products, it is indirectly importing:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Virtual water<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Fossil fuel<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Mineral water only<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Atmospheric water only<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

24. Soil \u0915\u094b Renewable Resource \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

What is the major caution in considering soil a renewable resource?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0909\u092a\u091c\u093e\u090a topsoil \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0927\u0940\u092e\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f erosion \u0924\u0947\u091c \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Soil \u0915\u092d\u0940 degrade \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Soil \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Soil \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

25. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f Soil Resource degradation \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which activity can intensify soil resource degradation?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Contour farming<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Excessive deforestation and overgrazing<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Crop rotation<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Conservation tillage<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

26. Carrying Capacity \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

In the context of natural resources, carrying capacity refers to:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 ecosystem \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0935\u0939 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0924\u0915 population \u0914\u0930 resource use \u0915\u094b support \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 mineral reserves \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 agricultural production<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 urban population density<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

27. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e Ecological Footprint \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which is most closely associated with the concept of Ecological Footprint?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u0940 ecological resources \u0914\u0930 ecosystem services \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 population size<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 forest area<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 carbon dioxide concentration<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

28. \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093e Ecological Footprint \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 Biocapacity \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

If a country’s ecological footprint exceeds its biocapacity, what does it most appropriately indicate?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Ecological deficit<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Ecological surplus<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Complete sustainability<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Zero resource consumption<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

29. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. Solar energy \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0938\u092e\u092f-\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 renewable \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. Coal geological timescale \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. Renewable resource \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 unlimited resource \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) 1 \u0914\u0930 2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) 1, 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (D)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

30. Assertion (A): Renewable resources \u092d\u0940 overexploitation \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Reason (R): \u092f\u0926\u093f resource extraction \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 natural regeneration rate \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u090f, \u0924\u094b resource stock \u0918\u091f \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) A \u0914\u0930 R \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e R, A \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) A \u0914\u0930 R \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 R \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) A \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948, R \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) A \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948, R \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

31. Assertion (A): \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Reason (R): Technology \u0914\u0930 market conditions \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 resource \u0915\u0940 accessibility \u0914\u0930 economic viability \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) A \u0914\u0930 R \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e R, A \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) A \u0914\u0930 R \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 R \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) A \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948, R \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) A \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948, R \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

32. Assertion (A): Groundwater \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0924\u093f-\u0926\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Reason (R): \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 groundwater extraction \u0938\u0947 land subsidence \u0914\u0930 salinity intrusion \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) A \u0914\u0930 R \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) A \u0938\u0939\u0940, R \u0917\u0932\u0924\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) A \u0917\u0932\u0924, R \u0938\u0939\u0940\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) A \u0914\u0930 R \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0917\u0932\u0924\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (C)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

33. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-I<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A. Biotic Resource<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n1. Mineral<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B. Abiotic Resource<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n2. Forest<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C. Renewable Resource<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n3. Solar Energy<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D. Non-renewable Resource<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n4. Coal<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

(A) A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

34. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-I<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A. Forest<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n1. Carbon sequestration<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B. Wetland<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n2. Flood regulation<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C. Soil<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n3. Nutrient cycling<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D. Groundwater<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n4. Aquifer storage<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

(A) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

35. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u092f\u0941\u0917\u094d\u092e \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0938\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which pair is incorrectly matched?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Solar Energy – Renewable<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Coal – Non-renewable<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Groundwater – Renewable but potentially depletable<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Forest – Non-renewable in all circumstances<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (D)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

36. \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092c\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 upstream \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 downstream \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0918\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

If excessive upstream water use reduces downstream availability, this primarily illustrates:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Resource-use conflict<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Genetic diversity<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Atmospheric pollution<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Mineral formation<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

37. \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u091b\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0940 harvesting rate \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 reproduction rate \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

If the harvesting rate of fish continuously exceeds its natural reproduction rate, what is the likely long-term outcome?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Fish stock depletion<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Unlimited increase in fish population<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Ecosystem automatically becomes sustainable<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Carrying capacity disappears<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

38. \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 grazing, forest harvesting \u0914\u0930 water use \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938 approach \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

A community develops local rules for grazing, forest harvesting and water use. This is an example of:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) Community-based resource management<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) Complete privatization<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Unregulated exploitation<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) Centralized resource depletion<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

39. Natural Resource Management \u092e\u0947\u0902 precautionary principle \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

In which situation is the precautionary principle most appropriately applied in natural resource management?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0936\u0902\u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091a\u0941\u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 environmental risk \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

40. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e Natural Resources \u0915\u0947 sustainable management \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Which represents the most comprehensive strategy for sustainable management of natural resources?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(A) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 resource extraction \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 conservation \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(C) Conservation + sustainable use + efficiency + community participation + technological innovation<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(D) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 private ownership \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Answer: (C)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

UGC NET\/JRF Quick Revision<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Concept<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nKey Point<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Natural Resources<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Biotic<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nForest, Wildlife, Fish<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Abiotic<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nWater, Soil, Minerals<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Renewable<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nRegeneration \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Non-renewable<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0927\u0940\u092e\u0940 geological formation<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Groundwater<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nRenewable \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 overexploitation \u0938\u0947 deplete \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Common Property Resource<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tragedy of Commons<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u093e overuse<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Carrying Capacity<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nEcosystem \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 support capacity<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ecological Footprint<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nResources\/ecosystem services \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ecological Deficit<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nFootprint > Biocapacity<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Forest<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nCarbon storage + Biodiversity + Soil\/Water conservation<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Watershed Management<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nSoil + Water + Vegetation \u0915\u093e integrated management<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Virtual Water<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0932<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sustainable Management<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nConservation + Sustainable Use<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 NET Trick<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Renewable \u2260 Unlimited<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Groundwater \u2192 Renewable + Depletable<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Biotic \u2192 Living resources<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Abiotic \u2192 Non-living resources<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

In-situ conservation \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 resource management \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u0948:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Resource \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 regeneration\/support capacity \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Natural Resources (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928)\u00a0 UGC NET\/JRF Paper-I | Environmental Studies 1. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 (Natural Resources) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948? What is the most appropriate definition of Natural Resources? (A) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0935\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \/ Only materials found on Earth’s surface (B) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[170],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21768","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ugc-net-jrf-paper-1"],"acf":{"test_duration":60,"q1_question":"","q1_option_a":"","q1_option_b":"","q1_option_c":"","q1_option_d":"","q1_correct":"","q1_explanation":"","q2_question":"","q2_option_a":"","q2_option_b":"","q2_option_c":"","q2_option_d":"","q2_correct":"","q2_explanation":"","q3_question":"","q3_option_a":"","q3_option_b":"","q3_option_c":"","q3_option_d":"","q3_correct":"","q3_explanation":"","q4_question":"","q4_option_a":"","q4_option_b":"","q4_option_c":"","q4_option_d":"","q4_correct":"","q4_explanation":"","q5_question":"","q5_option_a":"","q5_option_b":"","q5_option_c":"","q5_option_d":"","q5_correct":"","q5_explanation":"","q6_question":"","q6_option_a":"","q6_option_b":"","q6_option_c":"","q6_option_d":"","q6_correct":"","q6_explanation":"","q7_question":"","q7_option_a":"","q7_option_b":"","q7_option_c":"","q7_option_d":"","q7_correct":"","q7_explanation":"","q8_question":"","q8_option_a":"","q8_option_b":"","q8_option_c":"","q8_option_d":"","q8_correct":"","q8_explanation":"","q9_question":"","q9_option_a":"","q9_option_b":"","q9_option_c":"","q9_option_d":"","q9_correct":"","q9_explanation":"","q10_question":"","q10_option_a":"","q10_option_b":"","q10_option_c":"","q10_option_d":"","q10_correct":"","q10_explanation":"","q11_question":"","q11_option_a":"","q11_option_b":"","q11_option_c":"","q11_option_d":"","q11_correct":"","q11_explanation":"","q12_question":"","q12_option_a":"","q12_option_b":"","q12_option_c":"","q12_option_d":"","q12_correct":"","q12_explanation":"","q13_question":"","q13_option_a":"","q13_option_b":"","q13_option_c":"","q13_option_d":"","q13_correct":"","q13_explanation":"","q14_question":"","q14_option_a":"","q14_option_b":"","q14_option_c":"","q14_option_d":"","q14_correct":"","q14_explanation":"","q15_question":"","q15_option_a":"","q15_option_b":"","q15_option_c":"","q15_option_d":"","q15_correct":"","q15_explanation":"","q16_question":"","q16_option_a":"","q16_option_b":"","q16_option_c":"","q16_option_d":"","q16_correct":"","q16_explanation":"","q17_question":"","q17_option_a":"","q17_option_b":"","q17_option_c":"","q17_option_d":"","q17_correct":"","q17_explanation":"","q18_question":"","q18_option_a":"","q18_option_b":"","q18_option_c":"","q18_option_d":"","q18_correct":"","q18_explanation":"","q19_question":"","q19_option_a":"","q19_option_b":"","q19_option_c":"","q19_option_d":"","q19_correct":"","q19_explanation":"","q20_question":"","q20_option_a":"","q20_option_b":"","q20_option_c":"","q20_option_d":"","q20_correct":"","q20_explanation":"","q21_question":"","q21_option_a":"","q21_option_b":"","q21_option_c":"","q21_option_d":"","q21_correct":"","q21_explanation":"","q22_question":"","q22_option_a":"","q22_option_b":"","q22_option_c":"","q22_option_d":"","q22_correct":"","q22_explanation":"","q23_question":"","q23_option_a":"","q23_option_b":"","q23_option_c":"","q23_option_d":"","q23_correct":"","q23_explanation":"","q24_question":"","q24_option_a":"","q24_option_b":"","q24_option_c":"","q24_option_d":"","q24_correct":"","q24_explanation":"","q25_question":"","q25_option_a":"","q25_option_b":"","q25_option_c":"","q25_option_d":"","q25_correct":"","q25_explanation":"","q26_question":"","q26_option_a":"","q26_option_b":"","q26_option_c":"","q26_option_d":"","q26_correct":"","q26_explanation":"","q27_question":"","q27_option_a":"","q27_option_b":"","q27_option_c":"","q27_option_d":"","q27_correct":"","q27_explanation":"","q28_question":"","q28_option_a":"","q28_option_b":"","q28_option_c":"","q28_option_d":"","q28_correct":"","q28_explanation":"","q29_question":"","q29_option_a":"","q29_option_b":"","q29_option_c":"","q29_option_d":"","q29_correct":"","q29_explanation":"","q30_question":"","q30_option_a":"","q30_option_b":"","q30_option_c":"","q30_option_d":"","q30_correct":"","q30_explanation":"","q31_question":"","q31_option_a":"","q31_option_b":"","q31_option_c":"","q31_option_d":"","q31_correct":"","q31_explanation":"","q32_question":"","q32_option_a":"","q32_option_b":"","q32_option_c":"","q32_option_d":"","q32_correct":"","q32_explanation":"","q33_question":"","q33_option_a":"","q33_option_b":"","q33_option_c":"","q33_option_d":"","q33_correct":"","q33_explanation":"","q34_question":"","q34_option_a":"","q34_option_b":"","q34_option_c":"","q34_option_d":"","q34_correct":"","q34_explanation":"","q35_question":"","q35_option_a":"","q35_option_b":"","q35_option_c":"","q35_option_d":"","q35_correct":"","q35_explanation":"","q36_question":"","q36_option_a":"","q36_option_b":"","q36_option_c":"","q36_option_d":"","q36_correct":"","q36_explanation":"","q37_question":"","q37_option_a":"","q37_option_b":"","q37_option_c":"","q37_o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