{"id":20351,"date":"2026-01-13T23:48:57","date_gmt":"2026-01-13T18:18:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.geographynotespdf.com\/?p=20351"},"modified":"2026-01-23T09:43:35","modified_gmt":"2026-01-23T04:13:35","slug":"pg-regular-semester-i-examination-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geographynotespdf.com\/cms\/pg-regular-semester-i-examination-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"PG Regular Semester-I Examination 2025 QUESTION PAPER PPU, PATNA"},"content":{"rendered":"

PG Regular Semester-I <\/span><\/strong>Examination 2025<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Patliputra University, Patna<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
\n

\"PG<\/p>\n

PG (Regular) (Sem.-I) <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Examination, 2025<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Session: 2025-27)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

GEOGRAPHY<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Paper Code: 920701<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Geomorphology)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Time: Three Hours] <\/span>[Maximum Marks: 70<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Note: Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks. Answer from all sections as directed.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u092f\u0925\u093e\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092d\u0935 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0924\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Section-A \/ \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u0905<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Objective Type Questions)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Choose the correct option from each question. <\/span>[10-2-20]<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0915\u093e \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. <\/span>(i) The inability of S-waves to propagate through which part of the Earth provides evidence of its liquid state?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Crust<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) Mantle<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) Outer core<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) Inner core<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 S-\u0924\u0930\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0924\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0930\u0935 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) \u092d\u0942-\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092a\u091f\u0940<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) \u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0932<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0930<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0930<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(ii) The discovery of symmetrical patterns of magnetic stripes on either side of mid-ocean ridges provides evidence for:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Plate destruction<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Sea-floor spreading<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Plate collision<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Continental drift only<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f-\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0936<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f \u091f\u0915\u0930\u093e\u0935<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(iii) Which phrase is associated with the Huttonian principle and emphasizes the continuity of geological processes over time?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>“Catastrophes shape the Earth”<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>“The Earth is millions of years old”<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) “<\/span>The present is the key to the past”<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>“Mountains rise and fall quickly”<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0939\u091f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f \u092d\u0942\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>“\u0906\u092a\u0926\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902”<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b<\/span>) “\u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0916\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948”<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>“\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0939\u0948”<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>“\u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c \u091c\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0909\u0920\u0924\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902”<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(iv) In a rejuvenated landscape, which of the following is most likely to occur?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Formation of new volcanoes<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) Increased erosion and deepening of valleys<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>The development of large flat plains<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>The formation of glacial features<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u090f\u0915 \u0928\u0935\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0937 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0928\u090f \u091c\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0916\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0918\u093e\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0930\u0926\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0924\u0932 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0939\u093f\u092e\u0928\u0926 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(v) Which of the following is not a typical feature of Karst landscapes?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Stalagmite<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Sinkholes<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Glacial moraines<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Limestone pavements<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092d\u0942\u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0948\u0932\u0947\u0917\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0907\u091f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0915\u0939\u094b\u0932<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0939\u093f\u092e\u0928\u0926\u0940\u092f \u0939\u093f\u092e\u094b\u0922\u093c<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u091a\u0942\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(vi) Which of the following is not a depositional landform created by glaciers?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Moraine<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Drumlin<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Cirque<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Kettle lake<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0917\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) \u0939\u093f\u092e\u094b\u0922\u093c<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0921\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0932\u093f\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0915\u0947\u091f\u0932 \u0932\u0947\u0915<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(vii) Which period is mainly responsible for the tectonic uplift of the Shillong Plateau?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Pre-Cambrian<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Tertiary<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Quaternary<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Paleozoic<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0920\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u092d\u0942\u0917\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940-\u0915\u0948\u092e\u094d\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0930\u0940<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0915\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0930\u0940<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u092a\u0948\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u094b\u0907\u0915<\/span><\/span><\/strong>
\n(viii) If a river has a Sinuosity Index close to 1, it means the river is:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Highly meandering<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) Braided<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Almost straight<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Incised<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 1 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0940\u092c \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0928\u0926\u0940:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0936\u093e\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0915\u091f\u093e\u0935\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(<\/span>ix) Incised meanders are a result of:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>River deposition<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>River rejuvenation and vertical erosion<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Lateral erosion<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Volcanic activity<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0903\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u0930\u094d\u092a \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u0923<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0928\u0926\u0940-\u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0935\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u0927\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u0926\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u091c\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(x) Which of the following is a typical periglacial landform?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Cirque<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Pingo<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Drumlin<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Moraine<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092a\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0938\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u092a\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094b<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) \u0921\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0932\u093f\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0947\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Section-B \/ \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u0935<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Short Answer Type Questions)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0932\u0918\u0941 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Answer any four questions of the following: <\/span>[4\u00d75=20]<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

2. Describe in brief about the continental drift theory.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

3. Describe in brief about the factors responsible for river rejuvenation.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u0935\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

4. Discuss in brief the formation of ‘Sand dunes’ in Arid regions.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0932\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0942\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

5. Discuss on the geomorphic evolution of the Chota Nagpur Highlands.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u091b\u094b\u091f\u094b \u0928\u093e\u0917\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u092a\u0920\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0942\u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

6. Write about the application of Geomorphology in Engineering projects.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0942-\u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Section-C \/ \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u0938<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Long Answer Type Questions)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Answer any three questions of the following: <\/span>[3\u00d710-30]<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

7. Explain the concept of Sea-floor spreading, the evidence supporting it and its significance in the theory of plate tectonics.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0924\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923, \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f \u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

8 Explain the concept of William Morris Davis’ cycle of Erosion, describing the different stages of geomorphic evolution.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092e\u0949\u0930\u093f\u0938 \u0921\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u0940 ‘\u0905\u092a\u0930\u0926\u0928 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930’ \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u090f, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0942-\u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u091a\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Describe the major erosional and depositional landforms created by glaciers. Explain the processes responsible for their formation.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0939\u093f\u092e\u0928\u0926 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u0926\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u0923\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092d\u0942-\u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

10. Explain and compare the models of slope development proposed by Walther Penck and L.C. King.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u092a\u0947\u0902\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0932.\u0938\u0940. \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0922\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

11. Explain the concepts of drainage morphometry, stream order, and drainage density. Discuss their significance in understanding the characteristics of a drainage basin.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0905\u092a\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f, \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0918\u0928\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u092c\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
\n

PG (Regular) (Sem.-I) <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Examination, 2025<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Session: 2025-27)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

GEOGRAPHY<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Paper Code: 920702<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Climatology & Oceanography)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Time: Three Hours] <\/span>[Maximum Marks: 70<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Note: Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks. Answer from all sections as directed.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u092f\u0925\u093e\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092d\u0935 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0924\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Section-A \/ \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u0905<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Objective Type Questions)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Choose the correct option from each question : [10\u00d72=20]<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0915\u093e \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. (i) Which of the following pair of gases account for 99% of gaseous composition of the atmosphere till a height of 25 km?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Nitrogen and Oxygen<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Oxygen and Argon<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Nitrogen and Carbon dioxide<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Carbon dioxide and Oxygen<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u0917\u0948\u0938 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 25 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940. \u0915\u0940 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0924\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0948\u0938\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e 99% \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u091c\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u091c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0914\u0930 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u091c\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(ii) The balance between the amount of insolation received from the Sun and the outgoing terrestrial radiation is known as the Earth’s:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Precipitation Budget<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Heat Budget<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Radiation Budget<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>All of the above<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u092a \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092c\u091c\u091f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0924\u093e\u092a \u092c\u091c\u091f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0935\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u091c\u091f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(iii) A large body of air whose physical properties especially temperature and moisture content are relatively uniform horizontally is known as:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Front<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Cyclone<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Anti-cyclone<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Air mass<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0902\u0921 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0941\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0948\u0924\u093f\u091c \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0924<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0924<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0930\u093e\u0936\u093f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(iv) Anticyclones are usually associated with which type of weather?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Stormy and wet<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Hot and humid<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Calm clear and dry<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Cold and snowy<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0924\u0942\u092b\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0940\u0932\u093e<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924, \u0938\u093e\u092b \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0920\u0902\u0921\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0932\u093e<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(v) The carbon dioxide theory of climatic change was advanced by:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>T.C. Chamberlin<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Arthur Holmes<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Solberg<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Kennelly<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u091f\u0940.\u0938\u0940. \u091a\u0948\u0902\u092c\u0930\u0932\u093f\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u092e\u094d\u0938<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0938\u094b\u0932\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0917<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0915\u0947\u0928\u0947\u0932\u0940<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(vi) What happens to Indian monsoon in an el-nino year?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Monsoon remains unaffected<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Monsoon becomes weak<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Monsoon becomes strong<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>All of the above<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0905\u0932-\u0928\u0940\u0928\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u0942\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u0942\u0928 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u0942\u0928 \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u0942\u0928 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(vii) Which of the following deposits is formed by the decomposition of rocks containing iron oxide?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Blue mud<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Red mud<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Green mud<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Yellow mud<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u0906\u092f\u0930\u0928 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0928\u0940\u0932\u093e \u092a\u0902\u0915<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0932\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0902\u0915<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0939\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0902\u0915<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u092a\u0940\u0932\u093e \u092a\u0902\u0915<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(viii) A horse-shoe shaped coral reef is known as:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Fringing reef<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Barrier reef<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Atoll<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Boat channel<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0918\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0932 \u092d\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0924\u091f\u0940\u092f \u092d\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0915 \u092d\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u090f\u091f\u0949\u0932<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u091a\u0948\u0928\u0932<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(ix) Which of the following theories regarding the origin of submarine canyons is propounded by Shepard?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Sub-aerial erosion and submergence theory<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Diastrophic theory<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Submarine density current theory<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Submarine spring sapping theory<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0936\u0947\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0902\u0926\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u092d\u0942-\u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u0940\u092f \u0905\u092a\u0930\u0926\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u091c\u094d\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u092a\u091f\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a\u0923 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0918\u0928\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u0903 \u0916\u0928\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(x) Flat topped sea mounts found on the ocean floor are known as:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Volcanic island<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Guyot<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Ridge<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>None of the above<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0924\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u092a\u093e\u091f \u0936\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u091c\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0917\u093e\u092f\u094b\u091f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0915\u091f\u0915<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Section-B \/ \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u092c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Short Answer Type Questions)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0932\u0918\u0941 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Answer any four questions of the following: <\/span>[4\u00d75-20]<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

2. What is the relationship of climatology with Physics and Oceanography?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

3. What is Front? Discuss the different types of fronts in brief.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948? \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

4. Write a note on the Milankovitch theory of climate change.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u0915\u094b\u0935\u093f\u091a \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u0923\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

5. The major fishing grounds in the world are located over the continental shelves. Give reason why?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092e\u091b\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0936\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092b \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0907\u090f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902?<\/span><\/strong>
\n6. Write a short note on the Equilibrium theory given regarding the origin of tides.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u091c\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930-\u092d\u093e\u091f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u0923\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Section-C \/ \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u0938<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Long Answer Type Questions)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Answer any three questions of the following: <\/span>[3\u00d710-30]<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f :<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

7. Describe the thermal structure of the atmosphere.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

8. Discuss the origin, mechanism and characteristics of a tropical cyclone.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0915\u091f\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940\u092f \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

9. Discuss the consequences of climate change.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong>
\n10. <\/span>Describe the bottom relief of Atlantic ocean. \u0905\u091f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0942\u0924\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0935\u091a \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

11. <\/span>Critically examine the land subsidence theory regarding the origin of coral reefs.<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0932 \u092d\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u092d\u0942-\u0905\u0935\u0924\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
\n

PG (Regular) (Sem.-I) <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Examination, 2025<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Session: 2025-27)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

GEOGRAPHY<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Paper Code: 920703<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(History of Geographical Thought)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Time: Three Hours] <\/strong>[Maximum Marks: 70<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. The figure in the margin indicate full marks. Answer from all sections as directed.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u092f\u0925\u093e\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092d\u0935 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0924\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Section-A \/ \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u0905<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Multiple Choice Questions)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u092c\u0939\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Choose the correct option from each question: <\/span>[10\u00d72=20]<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0915\u093e \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. <\/span>(i) In what way is geography distinct from other social sciences like economics or political science?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) It uses empirical methods more rigorously<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b<\/span>) It exclusively studies human behaviour<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>It emphasizes the role of space and place in shaping phenomena<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>It disregards temporal change<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092f\u0939 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0917\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(ii) <\/span>Who among the following ancient Indian scholars is considered to have contributed significantly to cartographic and astronomical geography?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Kalidas<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Aryabhatta<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Panini<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Charaka<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0926\u093e\u0938<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0906\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092d\u091f\u094d\u091f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092a\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0928\u0940<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u091a\u0930\u0915<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(iii) Postmodern conceptions of space tend to focus on:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Quantitative measurement and mapping<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Determinism and environmental control<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Fragmented, subjective and culturally constructed spaces<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Uniform space with universal laws<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u092a \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0916\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0924, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 <\/span>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092d\u094c\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(<\/span>iv) Which post-independence geographer is noted for his contributions to regional planning and quantitative techniques in Indian Geography?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Gopal Krishna<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>R.L. Singh<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) Majid Hussain<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>O.H.K. Spate<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0935\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0926\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0906\u0930.\u090f\u0932. \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092e\u091c\u0940\u0926 \u0939\u0941\u0938\u0948\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0913.\u090f\u091a.\u0915\u0947. \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u091f<\/span><\/span><\/strong>
\n(v) The main criticism of quantitative geography from humanistic geographers is that it:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Ignores environmental data<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Lacks visual presentation<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Uses outdated maps<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Neglects human experience and subjectivity<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0935\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(vi) <\/span>Which of the following models is used for explaining agricultural location patterns in relation to market and transport cost?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Von Thunen Model<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Central Place Model<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Bid Rent Theory<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Gravity Model<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092c\u094b\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(<\/span>vii) What is the primary aim of applied geography?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Theoretical abstraction of space<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Study of historical processes<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Solving real-world problems through geographical knowledge<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Creating aesthetic maps<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0948\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0938\u094c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/span><\/span><\/strong>
\nviii) David Harvey’s book Social Justice and the City (1973) is significant because it:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Critiques urban capitalism and advocates for a Marxist geography<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Introduces geospatial technology<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Advocates for environmental planning<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Explores rural settlement patterns<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0921\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0921 \u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u091c\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0938 \u090f\u0902\u0921 \u0926 \u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940 <\/span>(1973) <\/span>\u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0928\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u092d\u0942-\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(ix) <\/span>The concept of the personal is political in feminist geography suggests that:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Women’s personal lives should be kept separate from political movements<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Gender differences are primarily biological<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Geography should only focus on public policies<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Personal experiences of oppression are inherently linked to wider social structures<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u0935 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092d\u0947\u0926 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0940\u0921\u093c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(x) <\/span>Social Justice and the City is a key book by which postmodern geographer?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Edward Soja<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>David Harvey<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Doreen Massey<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Henry Lefebvre<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u091c\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0938 \u090f\u0902\u0921 \u0926 \u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0935\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u090f\u0921\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0938\u094b\u091c\u093e<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0921\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0921 \u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0921\u094b\u0930\u0947\u0928 \u092e\u0948\u0938\u0940<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0939\u0947\u0928\u0930\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u092b\u0947\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Section-B \/ \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u092c<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(Short Answer Type Questions)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(\u0932\u0918\u0941 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Note: Answer any four questions of the following: <\/span>[4\u00d75=20]<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

2. Briefly discuss the contributions of Ptolemy in the evolution of geographical knowledge.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f\u0949\u0932\u0947\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

3. Explain the difference between absolute and relative space with examples.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u0930\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

4. Name any two paradigms in geography and briefly describe them.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0907\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

5. How does humanistic geography differ from quantitative geography?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong>
\n6. Discuss the key types of feminism in the light of their views on women’s rights and social change.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0932\u094b\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Section-C \/ \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u0938<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Long Answer Type Questions)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Answer any three questions of the following: <\/span>[3\u00d710-30]<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f :<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

7. Discuss the development of Geographical ideas in ancient India with reference to religious texts, literature and scientific contributions.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902, \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

8. Discuss the major challenges in the growth of geography in India. Suggest solutions.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u0907\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong>
\n9. Define geographical models. Discuss the various types of models used in geography.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

10. Discuss the evolution of applied geography, highlighting its role in the development of geographical ideas.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0921\u093e\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

11. Define Postmodernism in Geography. How does it differ from modernist approaches in geographical thought?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
\n

PG (Regular) (Sem.-I) <\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

Examination, 2025<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(Session: 2025-27)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(COMMON FOR ARTS)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

AECC-1<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Paper Code: 940191(Arts)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(Environmental Sustainability &<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Swachchha Bharat Abhiyan Activities)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Time: Two Hours] <\/span>[Maximum Marks: 50<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Note: Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks. Answer the questions from all the sections as directed.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u092f\u0925\u093e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0924\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Section-A \/ \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u0905<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Objective Type Questions)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. Choose the correct option from each question : <\/span>[10\u00d71=10]<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0915\u093e \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f :<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(i) What is the study of the relationship between living organisms and their environment called?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) Biology<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) Ecology<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) Geology<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) Physics<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092d\u0942\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(ii) Which of the following is a renewable resource?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Coal<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) Petroleum<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Solar Energy<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Natural Gas<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0928\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932\u093e<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0938\u094c\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0948\u0938<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(iii) When was the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan officially launched?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) 2nd October, 2012<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>15th August, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>2nd October, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>26th January, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u094d\u091b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092c \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>2 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930, 2012<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>15 \u0905\u0917\u0938\u094d\u0924, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>2 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>26 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(<\/span>iv) What is the best way to manage biodegradable waste at the household level?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Burn it in the backyard<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Dump it in the street<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Compost it<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Mix it with plastic waste<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0935-\u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u094d\u092f \u0915\u091a\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0901\u0917\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915 \u092a\u0930 \u092b\u0947\u0902\u0915\u0928\u093e<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u091a\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(v) Which of the following is a key component of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Urban)?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Construction of flyovers<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Smart classrooms<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Solid waste management<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Rural electrification<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u094d\u091b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 (\u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940) \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u092b\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0908\u0913\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0920\u094b\u0938 \u0905\u092a\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(vi) Which of the following is a type of ecosystem?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Desert<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) School<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c <\/span>Hospital<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) Market<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) \u0930\u0947\u0917\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0905\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093e\u0932<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(vii) Which ministry is responsible for implementing the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Ministry of Health and Family Welfare<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Ministry of Jal Shakti<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u094d\u091b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923, \u0935\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u091c\u0932 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(viii) <\/span>What does “Reduce, Reuse, Recycle” primarily aim to minimize?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Water consumption<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Air pollution<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Land acquisition<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Waste generation<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

“\u0918\u091f\u093e\u0913, \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u094b, \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u094b” \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u092a\u0924<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0905\u092a\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(ix) Which of the following can be considered a sustainable practice?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Excessive groundwater extraction<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Use of single-use plastics<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Solar energy utilization<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Deforestation<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u091c\u0932 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0928<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0932 \u092f\u0942\u091c \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0938\u094c\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) \u0935\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(x) Which community is known for protecting the Khejari trees in Rajasthan?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>Bishnoi<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Bhil<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Gond<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) Santhal<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u0947\u091c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u092c\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0908<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u092d\u0940\u0932<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c) \u0917\u094b\u0902\u0921<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u0938\u0902\u0925\u093e\u0932<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Section-B \/ \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u092c<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Short Answer Type Questions)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0932\u0918\u0941 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Answer any four questions from the following. [4\u00d75=20]<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

2. What are the key objectives of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u094d\u091b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

3. Explain the importance of waste segregation at the source in promoting environmental sustainability.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u091a\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

4. What is Biodiversity?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u091c\u0948\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

5. Write two causes of air pollution.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

6. Write the name of two environmental protection policies in India.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0926\u094b \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

7. Explain the role of human communities in environmental conservation.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Section-C \/ \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u0938<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Long Answer Type Questions)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Answer any two questions from the following. <\/span>[2\u00d710=20]<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

8. Explain the relationship between environmental sustainability and responsible consumption. How can responsible consumer behaviour contribute to a cleaner and greener future?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u090f\u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u094d\u091b \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

9. Describe the major threats to biodiversity and suggest conservation measures.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0916\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u0907\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

10. What are the causes, effects and control measures of environmental pollution?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

11. Analyse the relationship between human activities and environmental degradation. Suggest ways to promote sustainable practices.<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0938\u0924\u0924\u094d \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u0907\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PG Regular Semester-I Examination 2025 Patliputra University, Patna PG (Regular) (Sem.-I) Examination, 2025 (Session: 2025-27) GEOGRAPHY Paper Code: 920701 (Geomorphology) Time: Three Hours] [Maximum Marks: 70 Note: Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks. Answer from all sections as 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