{"id":18807,"date":"2025-01-14T20:35:30","date_gmt":"2025-01-14T15:05:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.geographynotespdf.com\/?p=18807"},"modified":"2025-01-18T21:10:00","modified_gmt":"2025-01-18T15:40:00","slug":"major-core-course","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geographynotespdf.com\/cms\/major-core-course\/","title":{"rendered":"MAJOR CORE COURSE (Theory- Economic Geography) Solved Questions Paper 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"

(MAJOR CORE COURSE : MJC-3)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

UG (Sem.-III) Examination, 2024<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Session: 2023-27)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

GEOGRAPHY<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Economic Geography)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Time: Three Hours]\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/span>[Maximum Marks: 70<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Note: Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks. Answer from all the parts as directed.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u092f\u0925\u093e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0924\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

PART-A \/ \u092d\u093e\u0917-\u0905<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Objective Type Questions)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Choose the correct options from the following questions. Each question carries 2 marks.[10\u00d72=20]<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0915\u093e \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 2 \u0905\u0902\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1. (i) Economic Geography is a branch of:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) Human Geography<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) Physicsl Geography<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) Urban Geography<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) Political Geography<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) \u0928\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 – (a) \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(ii) Who is known as founder of Economic Geography?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) G. Chisholm<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) E.W. Zommermann<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) D. Stamp<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) J.W. Alxander<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) \u091c\u0940. \u091a\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0932\u094d\u092e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) \u0908. \u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0930\u092e\u0948\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) \u0921\u0940. \u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u092e\u094d\u092a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) \u091c\u0947. \u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942 \u0905\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091c\u0947\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0930<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 – (a) \u091c\u0940. \u091a\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0932\u094d\u092e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(iii) Which one of the following is not a primary activity?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) Transportation<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) Mining<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) Agriculture<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) Hunting<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0932\u093e\u092a \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) \u0916\u0928\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) \u0906\u0916\u0947\u091f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 – (a) \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(iv) Fishing occupation is of which group?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) Primary<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>Secondary<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>Tertiary<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>Quarternary<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u092e\u0924\u094d\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) \u091a\u0924\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0915<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 – (a) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(v) In which year Von Thunen develop the model of agricultural land use zonation?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) 1817<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) 1826<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>1856<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) 1860<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0947\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) 1817<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) 1826<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) 1856<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) 1860<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 – (b) 1826<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(vi) Which of the following does not fall under intensive rice cultivation?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) South-East Asia<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) Southern China and Japan<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) Nile Valley and delta<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) Costal and Delta areas of India<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0917\u0939\u0928 \u091a\u093e\u0935\u0932 \u0909\u092a\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) \u0928\u0940\u0932 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u0947\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u091f\u0940\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0921\u0947\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 – (c) \u0928\u0940\u0932 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u0947\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(vii) The theory of Least Cost Location was proposed by:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) Losch<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) Isard<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) Dicey<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) Weber<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) \u0932\u0949\u0936<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) \u0907\u091c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0938\u0940<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) \u0935\u0947\u092c\u0930<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 – (d) \u0935\u0947\u092c\u0930<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(viii) The leading country of Iron and Steel in the world is:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) Japan<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) India<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) U.S.A.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) China<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u094c\u0939-\u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0923\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) \u092f\u0942.\u090f\u0938.\u090f.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) \u091a\u0940\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 – (d) \u091a\u0940\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(ix) The headquarter of World Trade Organisation is at:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) Geneva<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) Vienna<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) New York<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) Washington<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0939\u0948:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) \u091c\u0947\u0928\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) \u0935\u093f\u092f\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) \u0935\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0902\u0917\u091f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 – (a) \u091c\u0947\u0928\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(x) Which country of the world introduced SEZ first?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) India<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) South Korea<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) China<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) Pakistan<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0938\u0947\u091c \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0915\u0940?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(a) <\/span>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span>\u091a\u0940\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(d) <\/span>\u092a\u093e\u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 – (c) \u091a\u0940\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

SECTION-B \/ \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u092c<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Short Answer Type Questions)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0932\u0918\u0941 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Answer any four questions of the following: [4\u00d75=20]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2 What is the main purpose of Economic Development?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. Define Information Technology.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

4. What is the role of markets in the location of industries?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

5. Mention in brief the advantages of Special Economic Zone.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u093e\u092d\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

6 What is Multilateral Trade?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u092c\u0939\u0941\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

7 What do you mean by Trade Liberalization?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092a \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SECTION-C\/\u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u0938<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Long Answer Type Questions)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Answer any three questions. of the following.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

8. Describe in detail the meaning and scope of Economic Geography.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f-\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

9. Evaluate the Von Thunen’s Agricultural Location theory.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

10 Discuss the major oceanic routes of the world.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

11. Explain the factors of localization of industry in a region.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

12. Clarify the role of World Tade Organization in terms of International Trade.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n

\u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0932\u0918\u0941 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0947\u0902<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n

PART-B \/ \u092d\u093e\u0917-\u092c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Short Answer Type Questions)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0932\u0918\u0941 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Answer any four questions of the following: [4\u00d75=20]<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

2. What is the main purpose of Economic Development?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924\u00a0 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0935\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e, \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902:-<\/span><\/p>\n

(i) \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(ii) \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u091c\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964 <\/span><\/p>\n

(iii) \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964 <\/span><\/p>\n

(iv) \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u093e\u0964 <\/span><\/p>\n

(v) \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915, \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915, \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(vi) \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u093c\u0930\u093f\u090f, \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

3. Define Information Technology.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 (\u0906\u0908\u091f\u0940) \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c \u0939\u0948, \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947, \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947, \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947, \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u093c\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u0930 \u091a\u0940\u091c\u093c \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092c\u093e\u0924\u0947\u0902:-<\/span><\/p>\n

(i) \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940, \u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093c, \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(ii) \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(iii) \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092c\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(iv) \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940, \u0935\u093e\u0923\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0939\u092e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(v) \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930, \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(vi) \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0908\u0938\u0940\u091f\u0940 (\u0906\u0908\u091f\u0940\u0938\u0940\u091f\u0940) \u092f\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(vii) \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f, \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915, \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930, \u0938\u0949\u092b\u093c\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930, \u0935\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u092b\u093c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

4. What is the role of markets in the location of industries?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u0939\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u092a\u0924 \u091c\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948:<\/span><\/p>\n

(i) \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(ii) \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u092a\u0924 \u091c\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(iii) \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(iv) \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f\u0924\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(v) \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0906\u092e \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902.<\/span>\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

5. Mention in brief the advantages of Special Economic Zone.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u093e\u092d\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Special Economic Zone) \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940\u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘SEZ’ \u0936\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u095d\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/span> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948:-<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(2) \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(3) \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(4) \u092a\u093f\u091b\u095c\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(5) \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915-\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(6) \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0928\u0917\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

6. What is Multilateral Trade?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092c\u0939\u0941\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- <\/span>\u092c\u0939\u0941\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c \u0939\u0948,\u00a0<\/span>\u0926\u094b \u092f\u093e \u0926\u094b \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b \u092f\u093e \u0926\u094b \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/span>\u092c\u0939\u0941\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u093c\u0930\u093f\u090f, \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u091c\u093c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/span>\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 :<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

(i) \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0926\u094b \u092f\u093e \u0926\u094b \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/span><\/p>\n

(ii) \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(iii) \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092c\u093e\u0924\u091a\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(iv ) \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f, \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923, \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0915\u0938\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924\u091a\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(v) \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902 – <\/span>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 (WTO) \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u093e (NAFTA)\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(vi) \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930, \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(vii) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0926\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924\u091a\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/span>\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

7. What do you mean by Trade Liberalization?<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092a \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0926\u094b \u092f\u093e \u0926\u094b \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u091f\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u091f\u0948\u0930\u093f\u092b \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0964 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u091a\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0907\u0928 \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SECTION-C\/\u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u0938<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Long Answer Type Questions)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Note: Answer any three questions. of the following.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

8. Describe in detail the meaning and scope of Economic Geography.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f-\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930-<\/strong><\/span> \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0918\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0935 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0924\u0932 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f-\u0915\u0932\u093e\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong> \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0926\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0917\u094b\u091f\u094d\u091c (1882) \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u092e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0907\u0928 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0928 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b. \u092e\u0947\u0915\u092b\u0930\u0932\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930<\/strong><\/span> \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u092e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b. \u091c\u0940. \u091a\u093f\u0936\u094c\u0932\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930<\/strong><\/span> \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u092e \u0909\u0928 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928, \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092e\u092f \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0935\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u091f\u0928 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902, \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902, \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902, \u0930\u0940\u0924\u093f-\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b. \u0936\u0949 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930<\/strong> <\/span>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b, \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0907\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 <\/span>\u0921\u0949. \u090f\u0928. \u091c\u0940. \u091c\u0947. \u092a\u093e\u0909\u0923\u094d\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930<\/strong><\/span> \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u092d\u0942-\u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b. \u0930\u0948\u092f\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092c\u0948\u0917\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0928<\/strong><\/span> \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928-\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0947\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e-\u0915\u0932\u093e\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e <\/span>\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902-<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942-\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f:-<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(2) \u0917\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942-\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f:-<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0907\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0948\u0935 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942-\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092d\u0942\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 <\/span>\u0917\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942-\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0941\u0930\u094b\u0917\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(3) \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942-\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f:-<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u092f\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928, \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e, \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902; \u091a\u0930\u092e\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0935 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0924\u092e \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0917 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0927\u0940\u092e\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0917\u094b\u091a\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(4) \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e-\u0915\u0932\u093e\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f-\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f-\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0926\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(5) \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(6) \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b \u092e\u0947\u0902 <\/span>\u0935\u093f\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930-\u0938\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0917\u094b\u091a\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0935\u0924\u094d \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0948\u0924\u093f\u091c \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(7) \u092d\u0942-\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0924\u094b \u0915\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(8) \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e, \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(APPROACHES AND METHODS OF ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932<\/strong><\/a> \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0908 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0935 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915-\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0917\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e (Commodity Approach):-<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0907\u0938 <\/span>\u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947- \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902, \u091a\u093e\u0935\u0932, \u0917\u0928\u094d\u0928\u093e, \u0932\u094b\u0939\u093e, \u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0907\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947- \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f, \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u0916\u0947\u091f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f, \u0916\u0928\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f, \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0907\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e \u0915\u094b ‘\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e’ (Occupational Approach) \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(2) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0926\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e (Regional Approach):- <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0907\u0938 <\/span>\u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092c\u0943\u0939\u0924\u094d \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(3) \u0938\u0948\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e (Theoretical Approach):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0907\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(4) \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e (Systematic Approach):-<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0907\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u091a\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948:-<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(ii) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0938 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(iii) \u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u091a\u0930<\/a>\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0938 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 ‘\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927’ (Cause and Effect Relationship), ‘\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927’ (Functional Relationship) \u0924\u0925\u093e ‘\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927’ (Areal Relationship) \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

9. Evaluate the Von Thunen’s Agricultural Location theory.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong> \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 1826 \u0908\u0966 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/span> “\u0938\u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0932\u092f \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924”<\/span><\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 198 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0906\u091c \u092d\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901:-<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 (Classical theory) \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u090f\u0915\u093e\u0915\u0940 (\u092a\u0943\u0925\u0915) \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(2) \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(3) \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 – \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f, \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941, \u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f) \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(4) \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915\u093e\u0915\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092f-\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(5) \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092f-\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(6) \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u090f\u0915\u093e\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(7) \u0915\u0943\u0937\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 <\/span>\u0939\u094b\u0964 <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(8) \u090f\u0915\u093e\u0915\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u094b\u095c\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u094c\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(9) \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u091c\u093f\u0928 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0935\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928<\/span> \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901:-<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902-2 \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902-2 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0939\u0928\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(2) \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902-2 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902-2 \u092d\u0942-\u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0938\u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0932\u092f \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0930\u092b \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 6 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0932\u092f \u092a\u0947\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u0917\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0932\u092f \u092a\u0947\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0926\u094b \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 <\/span>\u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948:-<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(1) \u0938\u0948\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(2) \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0938\u0948\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0903 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0926\u094b \u0915\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0920\u0939\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u0930 \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0932\u092f \u092a\u0947\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0903 \u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u092b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(2) \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0928\u0917\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0932\u092f \u092a\u0947\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u0948\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948-<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930:- \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0948\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

\"\"

\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930:- \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0917\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0932\u092f \u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948:-<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u092b\u0932, \u0938\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0926\u0941\u0917\u094d\u0927\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u0908\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940\/\u0935\u0928<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u0917\u0939\u0928 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

5. \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

6. \u092a\u0936\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 (\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0939)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u092b\u0932, \u0938\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0941\u0917\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0947 \u0926\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0936\u0940\u0918\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u200c\u0924\u093f \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0905\u0917\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0928\u0917\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932\u093e\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u092f\u093e \u0935\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u092e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0924: \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u092e\u0902\u0939\u0917\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

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\"MAJOR<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1925 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0949\u0928\u0938\u0928 \u092e\u0939\u094b\u0926\u092f \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0949\u0915\u0939\u094b\u092e (\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0928) \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u0930 \u0914\u0930 1932 \u0908\u0966 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0947\u0928\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092e\u0939\u094b\u0926\u092f \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0966-\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0924\u093e\u092c\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0947\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0907\u0928 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947:- \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u091c \u092d\u0940 \u0926\u0941\u0917\u094d\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092b\u0938\u0932, \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0936\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u094c\u0925\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0936\u094d\u092e \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0908\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0918\u091f \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, <\/span>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940 \u0905\u092c \u0916\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0932\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(1) \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e (\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915\u093e\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915\u093e\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(2) \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0939\u0940 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u0926-\u092c\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915\u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(3) \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u0942\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/span><\/p>\n

(4) \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/span><\/p>\n

(5) \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u200c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0947 <\/span>\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093e\u0935 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0918\u094b\u095c\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b \u091a\u0941\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(6) \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092b\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940\u0966 \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u092b\u0932, \u0938\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0926\u0941\u0917\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0917\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/span>\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947:- \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u091d\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0948\u0932\u093f\u092b\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092b\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0930\u093f\u0921\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u092b\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(7) \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0908\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(8) \u0935\u0949\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948- (i) \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 (ii) \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u091c\u093e\u090a \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f, \u0928\u0935\u0940\u0928 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915, <\/span>\u0930\u0947\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0921\u093c\u200c\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0907\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093f \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0932\u092f <\/span>\u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0925\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0940\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u091c \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

10 Discuss the major oceanic routes of the world.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- <\/span>\u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0927 (barrier) \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e,\u00a0 \u0935\u0939\u0940 \u0905\u092c \u0909\u0928\u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u092a\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0906\u091c \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f\u00a0\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u00a0\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0924 (transportation) \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0916\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915\u094b\u0902, \u0930\u0947\u0932\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0901\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0930\u0916-\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940\u092f \u091c\u0932\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 (inland waterways) \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947\u00a0 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u0947-\u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935-\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0947 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u091c\u094b\u0902 (sailing ships) \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0935\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u091c\u093c \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0935\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u091c\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0932\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0922\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0922\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0906\u091c\u0915\u0932 \u0924\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0940\u0924\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 (refrigeration system) \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0936\u0935\u093e\u0928\u094d (perishable) \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902-\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0901\u0938, \u092b\u0932, \u092e\u091b\u0932\u0940, \u0938\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0940, \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0927 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u00a0 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u091f\u0948\u0902\u0915\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u091c \u0924\u094b \u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u00a0 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0922\u093c\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947: \u0926\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0908\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u091c \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u091c\u0928, \u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u093f\u092e\u0936\u0948\u0932\u094b\u0902 (icebergs)\u00a0 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f, \u0915\u094b\u0939\u0930\u093e, \u0924\u0942\u092b\u093e\u0928, \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948:-<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

1. \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u091f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (North Atlantic route)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

2. \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u2013 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (Mediterranean \u2013 Indian ocean route)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

3. \u0915\u0947\u092a \u0911\u092b \u0917\u0941\u0921 \u0939\u094b\u092a \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u092e \u0906\u0936\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092a \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (Cape of Good-Hope route)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

4. \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0905\u091f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (South Atlantic route)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

5. \u0915\u0948\u0930\u0940\u092c\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (Caribbean sea trade route)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

6. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (Pacific oceanic route)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

7. \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (Suez Canal Route)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

8. \u092a\u0928\u093e\u092e\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (Suez Canal Route)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

1. \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u091f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (North Atlantic route):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u092f\u0939\u00a0 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0924\u092e \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936, \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902, \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917\u00a01\/4 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u00a0\u0907\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947\u00a01938\u00a0\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092e\u0930 \u091c\u0932\u092a\u094b\u0924 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0924\u092c \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u0906\u091c \u0924\u0915 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u092c \u0924\u0915 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 300 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0932\u092a\u094b\u0924 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939 (\u0905\u091f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0924\u091f):\u00a0 \u0932\u0902\u0926\u0928, \u0932\u093f\u0935\u0930\u092a\u0942\u0932, \u0939\u0948\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0917, \u092c\u094d\u0930\u091c\u0947\u0928, \u0930\u0949\u091f\u0930\u0921\u092e \u090f\u092e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930\u0921\u092e, \u0926\u0940 \u0939\u0947\u0917, \u0930\u094b\u092e, \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0935 \u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939 (\u0905\u091f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u091f):\u00a0 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0947\u0932\u0940\u092b\u093c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915, \u092c\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0928, \u092b\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0921\u0947\u0932\u092b\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u092c\u093e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092e\u094b\u0930, \u0917\u0947\u0932\u0935\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0928, \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0932\u094d\u0938\u091f\u0928, \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928\u094d\u0938, \u0939\u093e\u0909\u0938\u091f\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0935\u0947\u092c\u0947\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0902<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e\u00a0\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0901, \u091c\u094c, \u092e\u091b\u0932\u0940, \u0928\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940, \u0915\u093e\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u092e\u0923\u094d\u0921, \u0915\u093e\u0917\u091c, \u0910\u0932\u0941\u092e\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u0924\u093e\u0901\u092c\u093e, \u091f\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u091c\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e, \u090f\u0938\u094d\u092c\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0938, \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093e, \u092a\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0936, \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0928\u092e, \u091a\u093e\u0901\u0926\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u0947\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e\u00a0\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0901, \u0915\u092a\u093e\u0938, \u0930\u0942\u0908, \u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932\u093e, \u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u0938\u094b\u092f\u093e\u092c\u0940\u0928, \u0924\u0947\u0932, \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0930\u0940, \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928, \u092e\u094b\u091f\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u00a0\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0947\u0902, \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928, \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u2013 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (Mediterranean \u2013 Indian ocean route)<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u093e \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930(\u092d\u0942\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930) \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e (3\/4 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0928 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924, \u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c\u093c \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e, \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091c\u0940\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u094b \u091a\u0932\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0940\u0928, \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u092d\u0942\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0924\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939 \u2013\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>\u0932\u0947\u0928\u093f\u0928\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0926, \u0939\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0917, \u090f\u092e\u094d\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0921\u092e \u0930\u094b\u0921\u0930\u0921\u094d\u092e, \u0932\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0928, \u0938\u093e\u0909\u0925\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092a\u091f\u0928, \u0932\u093f\u0935\u0930\u092a\u0942\u0932, \u0932\u094b\u0939\u0947\u0935\u0930, \u0932\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092c\u0928, \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0947\u0932\u0940, \u091c\u0947\u0928\u094b\u0906, \u0930\u094b\u092e, \u0928\u0947\u092a\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0938, \u0913\u0926\u0947\u0938\u093e, \u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u0908\u0926,\u00a0\u0906\u0926\u093f\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939<\/strong><\/span> \u2013\u00a0\u092e\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0908, \u0915\u094b\u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u094b, \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930, \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0925, \u090f\u0921\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0921, \u0938\u093f\u0921\u0928\u0940\u00a0\u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u00a0\u092e\u094b\u092e\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0938\u093e, \u091c\u0947\u0928\u094d\u091c\u0940\u092c\u093e\u0930, \u0921\u0930\u092c\u0928, \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u0939\u093e\u0901\u0917\u0915\u093e\u0901\u0917, \u0938\u093f\u0921\u0928\u0940, \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092a\u0940\u0928\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u091a\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u0915\u0947\u092a \u0911\u092b \u0917\u0941\u0921 \u0939\u094b\u092a \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u092e \u0906\u0936\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092a \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (Cape of Good-Hope route)<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u092f\u0939\u00a0 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0924\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e, \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c\u093c \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u091c\u093c\u00a0\u0915\u0947\u092a \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u094b\u0902\u00a0\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u092f\u0947 \u092c\u0943\u0939\u0924\u094d-\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924 (great circle) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u092a \u0911\u092b \u0917\u0941\u0921 \u0939\u094b\u092a \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0947\u092a \u091f\u093e\u0909\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0947\u092a \u091f\u093e\u0909\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0923\u094d\u0921\u094b\u0928\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u091c\u093c \u092c\u0943\u0939\u0924\u094d \u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092a\u0930\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u0947\u092a \u091f\u093e\u0909\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091c\u0940\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092c\u0943\u0939\u0924\u094d-\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u091c\u0939\u093e\u091c\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0942\u092b\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u093f\u092e \u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921 \u0928 \u0906\u092f\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u091c\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0908\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0947\u092a\u091f\u093e\u0909\u0928, \u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u090f\u0932\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u092c\u0947\u0925, \u0910\u0921\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0921, \u092e\u0947\u0932\u092c\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0928, \u0938\u093f\u0921\u0928\u0940, \u0906\u0926\u093f \u092c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0902<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u00a0\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u092c\u0930, \u091f\u093f\u0928, \u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925, \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940, \u0915\u0949\u092b\u0940, \u0928\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932, \u092e\u0938\u093e\u0932\u0947\u00a0\u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091c\u0940\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u00a0\u0938\u0947 \u090a\u0928, \u0921\u0947\u092f\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925, \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e, \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e\u00a0\u0938\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u0921\u093c \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0947\u0932, \u0906\u0907\u0935\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u091f\u094d\u0938, \u092b\u0932, \u0917\u094b\u0902\u0926, \u092e\u094b\u0939\u0947\u0930 \u090a\u0928, \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0902, \u092e\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093e, \u0915\u0949\u092b\u0940, \u0915\u094b\u0915\u094b, \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940, \u092e\u093e\u0901\u0938, \u0906\u0926\u093f \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092d\u0947\u091c\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\u00a0\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e\u00a0\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094b\u0928\u093e,\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0932\u094b\u0939-\u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u092f\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0932\u094b\u0939 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0901 \u0924\u093e\u0901\u092c\u093e, \u091c\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e, \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e\u00a0\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u0908, \u0915\u0949\u092b\u0940, \u0924\u092e\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0915\u0942 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u093f\u0932\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e\u00a0\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0930\u0940, \u0916\u0928\u0928 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0930\u0940, \u0916\u094b\u0926\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0947\u0902, \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928, \u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0905\u091f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (South Atlantic route)<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u091c\u0928 \u092c\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u00a0 \u0938\u0918\u0928 \u0935\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947, \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0920\u093e\u0930 \u0935 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u091a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947, \u092a\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u091c\u093e\u090a \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0938\u0947, \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0940\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u092d\u0923\u094d\u0921\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a, \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0943\u0939\u0924\u094d \u092c\u093e\u091c\u0930\u094b\u0902\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0905\u091f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0924\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939 \u092e\u094b\u0923\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u092f\u094b-\u0921\u093f-\u091c\u0947\u0928\u0947\u0930\u094b, \u0938\u0947\u0928\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0938, \u092c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0938 \u0906\u092f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0902<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0928\u093e, \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0940\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u0941\u0917\u094d\u0935\u0947\u00a0\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0947\u0902\u0939\u0942, \u092e\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093e, \u0939\u093f\u092e\u0940\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0901\u0938, \u090a\u0928, \u091a\u092e\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0915\u0949\u092b\u0940, \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940, \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0947\u0932, \u091a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u092e\u094b\u092e, \u091a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0936\u094b\u0927\u0915 \u091f\u0947\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925, \u0915\u092a\u093e\u0938 (\u0930\u0941\u0908), \u0924\u092e\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0915\u0942, \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u091f\u093f\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0940\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u094b\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u091f\u093f\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0940\u092f \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0932\u094c\u0939-\u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0917\u0928\u0940\u091c, \u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092e\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u091f\u0902\u0917\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0928, \u092c\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f, \u0905\u092d\u094d\u0930\u0915, \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e\u00a0\u0924\u0925\u093e\u00a0\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u00a0\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u094c\u091f\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u091c\u0939\u093e\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u094c\u0939-\u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924, \u0930\u0947\u0932\u0935\u0947-\u0907\u0902\u091c\u0928, \u0930\u0947\u0932\u0935\u0947-\u0935\u0948\u0917\u0928, \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0930\u0940, \u092e\u094b\u091f\u0930 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0915, \u0915\u093e\u0930, \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925, \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0947\u091f\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u00a0\u0938\u0947\u00a0\u092c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0938 \u0906\u092f\u0930\u094d\u0938\u00a0\u0915\u094b \u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0906\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0940\u0932\u00a0\u0915\u094b \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0901, \u0906\u091f\u093e, \u0938\u092e\u0936\u0940\u0924\u094b\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u092b\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0940\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0928\u093e\u00a0\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0947\u0932\u093e, \u0915\u0949\u092b\u0940, \u0932\u094b\u0939-\u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

5. \u0915\u0948\u0930\u0940\u092c\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (Caribbean sea trade route)<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0915\u0948\u0930\u0940\u092c\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u0947\u0928\u0947\u091c\u0941\u090f\u0932\u093e, \u0917\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093e, \u0938\u0942\u0930\u0940\u0928\u093e\u092e,\u00a0\u0906\u0926\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u00a0\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e\u00a0\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0924\u091f\u0940\u092f \u092c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930\u00a0\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u00a0\u0915\u094b \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f-\u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0935 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940, \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0940\u0930\u093e, \u0915\u0947\u0932\u093e, \u0915\u0949\u092b\u0940, \u0915\u094b\u0915\u094b, \u0928\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932, \u092c\u0940\u0928\u094d\u0938, \u0936\u0940\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0924\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930 \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f-\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0947, \u0915\u092a\u093e\u0938, \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u091f\u093f\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0940\u092f \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0917\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0915, \u092c\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f, \u092a\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0936, \u0928\u092e\u0915, \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0947\u091f \u0936\u0948\u0932, \u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0932\u094c\u0939-\u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u092d\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u00a0\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f-\u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925, \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925, \u0915\u093e\u0917\u091c, \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0917\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942 \u0913\u0930\u094d\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928\u094d\u0938, \u0917\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0928, \u0939\u093e\u0909\u0938\u091f\u0928, \u092e\u094b\u0930\u093f\u0916\u0935\u093f\u0932\u0947, \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0930\u094b\u091c \u092a\u094b\u0907\u0928\u094d\u091f, \u092b\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0921\u0947\u0932\u092b\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915, \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u2013 \u0932\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0928, \u0932\u0940\u0939\u0947\u0935\u0930, \u0939\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0917, \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u092a\u0928\u093e\u092e\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u091f\u0940\u092f \u092c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939\u094b\u0902, \u0938\u0947\u0928 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b, \u0938\u0940\u090f\u091f\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u0942\u0935\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

6. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (Pacific oceanic route)<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0924\u0932 \u0915\u0947 1\/8 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948, \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902-<\/span><\/p>\n

(i) \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936, \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0905\u091f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902,\u00a0 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u091f \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932\u00a0\u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928\u00a0\u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(ii) \u092a\u0948\u0938\u093f\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u094b \u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917,\u00a0\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0924\u091f \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u00a0\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0926\u094b \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e\u092f\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/span><\/p>\n

(i) \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u2013 \u091a\u0940\u0928-\u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0924\u091f \u0915\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0940\u092a \u092c\u0943\u0939\u0924\u094d-\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(ii) \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0935\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e-\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091c\u0940\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939 \u0932\u0949\u0938 \u0910\u0902\u091c\u093f\u0932\u0940\u0938, \u0938\u0947\u0928 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b,\u0938\u0940\u090f\u091f\u0932, \u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921, \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u0942\u0935\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0938 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u092c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939 \u091f\u094b\u0915\u093f\u092f\u094b, \u092f\u094b\u0915\u094b\u0939\u093e\u092e\u093e, \u0915\u094b\u092c\u0947, \u0913\u0938\u093e\u0915\u093e, \u0936\u0902\u0918\u093e\u0908, \u091f\u0940\u0928\u094d\u091f\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u093e\u0901\u0917\u0915\u093e\u0901\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0902<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940, \u0915\u093e\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u092e\u0923\u094d\u0921, \u0915\u093e\u0917\u091c\u093c, \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0901, \u0930\u0942\u0908, \u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u0930\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924 (\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092a), \u0917\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0915, \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0947\u091f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091a\u0940\u0928, \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928, \u092b\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092a\u0940\u0928\u094d\u0938, \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932, \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940, \u092e\u0928\u0940\u0932\u093e-\u0939\u0948\u092e\u094d\u092a (\u0938\u0928), \u091a\u093e\u092f, \u0921\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u093e \u092c\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u092e\u091b\u0932\u0940, \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0947\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u0924\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u092c \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928, \u0915\u0948\u092e\u0930\u0947, \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0938\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0943\u0939\u0924\u094d \u091c\u0932\u092a\u094b\u0924 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

7. \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (Suez Canal Route)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u092a\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a, \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902, \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c<\/p>\n

\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u00a0 \u0938\u0928 1859 \u0908\u0966 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u092b\u0930\u094d\u0921\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0921 \u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 10 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0932\u0917 \u0917\u090f \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 1869 \u0908\u0966 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u094b\u0932\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0947 <\/span>\u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 1,20,000 \u092e\u091c\u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u091c\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0935\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u090f \u0925\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u092a\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0908 168 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940\u0966, \u091a\u094c\u0921\u093e\u0908 60 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 <\/span>\u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 10 \u0938\u0947 15 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u091b\u094b\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u0908\u0926 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u091b\u094b\u0930 \u092a\u0930 <\/span>\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0924\u094c\u092b\u0940\u0915, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0907\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0940\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Suez<\/p>\n

\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u092d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0936\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092a \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u091c\u0932\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u092c \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0926 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0940\u0927\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0916\u0941\u0932 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 6000 \u092e\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u091a\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902, \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e, \u0908\u0930\u093e\u0928, \u0905\u0930\u092c, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924, \u092a\u093e\u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928, \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0942\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091c\u0940\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0942\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091c\u0940\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0942\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f <\/span>\u0932\u093f\u0935\u0930\u092a\u0942\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0908- 7250 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940\u0966, <\/span>\u0932\u093f\u0935\u0930\u092a\u0942\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917- 4500 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940\u0966 \u0924\u0925\u093e <\/span>\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0908- 4500 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940\u0966 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0922\u093c \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092b\u093e\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0924\u0947\u0932 <\/span>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u0930\u0915, \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915, \u092e\u0948\u0917\u0928\u0940\u091c, \u091a\u093e\u092f, \u0915\u0949\u092b\u0940, \u091c\u0941\u091f, \u0930\u092c\u0921, \u0915\u092a\u093e\u0938, \u090a\u0928, \u092e\u0938\u093e\u0932\u0947, \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940, \u091a\u092e\u0921\u093c\u093e, \u0916\u093e\u0932, \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940, \u0938\u0942\u0924\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b\u094d\u091f \u0906\u0926\u093f \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925, \u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924, \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928, \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u0914\u0937\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u092e\u094b\u091f\u0930 \u0917\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

8. \u092a\u0928\u093e\u092e\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 (Suez Canal Route)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u092a\u0928\u093e\u092e\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0932\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0928\u093e\u092e\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0926\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u091f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u091c\u0932\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span>\"\"<\/p>\n

\u092a\u0928\u093e\u092e\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u092d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0930\u0940\u092c\u0928 8,000 \u092e\u0940\u0932 \u0918\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u091b\u094b\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u092a \u0939\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092a\u0928\u093e\u092e\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b 8 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0932\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092f\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0948\u0928 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 13000 \u0915\u093f\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u091f, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0926 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Panama<\/p>\n

\u092a\u0928\u093e\u092e\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u092a\u0928\u093e\u092e\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 5% \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u091c \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e, \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a, \u091a\u0940\u0928, \u0915\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0911\u091f\u094b\u092e\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0932, \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925, \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0926\u0935\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u0930\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928, \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0930\u0940, \u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932\u093e, \u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0932\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u091a\u0940\u0928, \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928, \u0915\u094b\u0932\u0902\u092c\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0909\u0925 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

11. Explain the factors of localization of industry in a region.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- <\/span>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u092e \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

2. \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

3. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 (Geographical Factors)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0932, \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e, \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930, \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930, \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941, \u091c\u0932 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0932 (Access to Raw Material):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902: \u0935\u091c\u0928 \u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0935\u091c\u0928 \u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0964 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0905\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0941\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0928, \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0964 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932\u093e \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0935\u091c\u0928 \u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0907\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0918\u091f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u091c\u0928 \u0939\u093e\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0902 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 1 \u091f\u0928 \u0938\u0942\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f 1 \u091f\u0928 \u0930\u0941\u0908 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u091c\u0928 \u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u0948 \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917, \u0917\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e, \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0941\u0917\u094d\u0926\u0940, \u0932\u0941\u0917\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0917\u091c, \u0932\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u092c\u0930 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f (Access to source of Energy):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0926\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902: \u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e, \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u091c\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0948\u0938 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0964 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e (Access to Labour supply):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0903 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u093e \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0905\u092c \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u091c\u0930\u0941\u0930\u0924 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0905\u092c \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 (Transport and communication):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0915 \u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u0947\u091c\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0930\u0947\u0932\u0935\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0921\u093e\u0915, \u0924\u093e\u0930, \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u092b\u094b\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0935 \u0908\u092e\u0947\u0932 \u0907\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 (Access to Market):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0924\u092e\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0916\u092a\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u092a\u093e\u092f\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u092f\u093e \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0924\u094b \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 (Climate):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u092e \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u091c\u0932 (Availability of Water):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u091c\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u091f\u093e\u091f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0916\u0930\u0915\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f (Availability of Cheap Land):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e, \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092e\u091c\u0926\u0942\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0926\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 (Economic Factor)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940, \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 (Capital Flow):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u200c\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947, \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u0926\u0928\u0947, \u092e\u091c\u0926\u0942\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0947\u0924\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e (Banking Facility):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0940\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u090b\u0923 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u0915\u092e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e (Insurance Facility):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0906\u091c\u0915\u0932 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0924 \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u0940 \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u091c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0924 \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e, \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e, \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u0939\u0930 \u091a\u0940\u091c \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 (Political Factors)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 (Government Policies):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u094b \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u090f\u0902\u0917\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091f\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091b\u0942\u091f \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0935\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0924\u093e (Political Stability):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0935\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0964 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0915 (Access to Agglomeration Economies):-<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0915\u0908 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0938-\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 Agglomeration Economies \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u0924 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u092e\u093f\u0932 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0909\u200c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

12. Clarify the role of World Tade Organization in terms of International Trade.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930-<\/span><\/strong> \u0913\u092a\u0947\u0915 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0926\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e, \u092d\u0947\u0926\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915 \u0926\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f (EEC) \u092f\u093e \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0918 (EC) \u092f\u093e \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 (ECM) \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e 1951 \u092e\u0947\u0902 6 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 15 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 1994 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e, \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0915\u094b \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u093e (\u0928\u093e\u092b\u094d\u091f\u093e), 1973 \u092e\u0947\u0902 13 \u0915\u0947\u0930\u0940\u092c\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0947\u0930\u0940\u092c\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 (\u0915\u0947\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094b\u092e), 1969 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0948\u091f\u093f\u0928 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0918 (\u0932\u093e\u092b\u094d\u091f\u093e) \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f <\/span>\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0939\u0935\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 1947-48 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 53 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u090f, \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0932 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0964 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0924\u0903 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e 1.1.1995 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0930 (General Agreement on Trade and Tarrif) (GATT) \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0930\u0941\u0917\u094d\u0935\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0930 (\u0917\u0948\u091f):-<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u0917\u0947\u091f \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u091c\u0947\u0928\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 23 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 1 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940, 1948 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0917\u0948\u091f \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092c \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0939 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0930\u0941\u0917\u094d\u0935\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0926\u094b\u0939\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0915\u0941\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u0938\u093e\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0930\u0941\u0917\u094d\u0935\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u090f \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u091c\u094b \u0905\u092c \u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942. \u091f\u0940. \u0913. \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902- <\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0940 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0926\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 (\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0938), <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f (\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0938),<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u093e (\u0917\u0948\u091f\u094d\u0938) <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0921\u0902\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0939\u0940 \u0917\u0948\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 1 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940, <\/span>1995 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902:-<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(i) \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928-\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(ii) \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0920\u094b\u0938 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(iii) \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(iv) \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(v) \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0924\u092e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(vi) \u0938\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u091f\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090a \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(vii) \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(viii) \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0907\u0928 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0917\u0948\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0917\u0948\u091f \u0915\u0947 <\/span>\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0939\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0924\u092e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0908 \u0917\u0908 \u091c\u094b <\/span>\u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902:-<\/span><\/p>\n

(i) \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0942\u0939\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0902\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(ii) \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u093e, \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0935\u091a\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0928, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(iii) \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930-\u0935\u093f\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u092e\u0902\u091a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(iv) \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0938\u092e\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (Trade Policy Revise mechanism) \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(v) \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092a\u091f\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(vi) \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0937 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

(vii) \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0924\u092e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0942\u0939\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0902\u091a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u090f\u0915 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947, \u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0922\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092a\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0938\u092e\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0917\u0948\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0903 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 90 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0924\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0909\u0920\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0930<\/a> \u0930<\/a>\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(MAJOR CORE COURSE : MJC-3) UG (Sem.-III) Examination, 2024 (Session: 2023-27) GEOGRAPHY (Economic Geography) Time: Three Hours]\u00a0 \u00a0[Maximum Marks: 70 Note: Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks. Answer from all the parts as directed. \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u092f\u0925\u093e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 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